Atrial fibrillation - HRS guideline - Acute Rate Control

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Atrial fibrillation - Thrombotic Risk Scores

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Joglar et al. ACC/AHA/HRS Guidelines for Atrial Fibrillation. Circ 2024;149:e1-e156.

 

EKG_Normal_values by age

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From "Pediatric ECG Interpretation - An Illustrative Guide" Deal, Johnsrude and Buck. Blackwell Futura 2007.

 

Premature Ventricular Contractions - Site of Origin

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 RVOT origin - 70-80 %

    Pulmonary valve sinus origin - ~4 %

LVOT origin - 15-25 %

    Aortic valve sinus origin - ? %

Ref: Anderson RD, et al. Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 2019;12:e007392. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCEP.119.007392.

Anti-Arrhythmic Medications Classification

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Prolonged PR Interval (First-degree AV Block)

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Long QT - types, characteristics

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Modified from that citation.

 

EKG: Normal Value Tables

(All Tables were taken from Myung Park's "Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners")

Anomalous Aortic Origin of Coronary Arteries: Intramural length correlates with symptoms.

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Kaushal S. et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2011;92:986-992. N = 27. Cleveland Clinic.

Opposite conclusion by Balasubramanya S, et al. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2017;8:445-452. (Backer CL is author in both papers).

n=66. Northwestern, Chicago.

Length of intramural course were 8.6 mm +/- 2.5 vs. 8.9 mm +/- 2.8 (symptomatic vs. asymptomatic)!

 

Lp(a) false laboratory values

 From European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Statement

Eur Heart J 2022;43:3925-46.

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